How To Test Hot Water Heater Thermostat - ERNIEGRAVES

7 Steps to Test Water Heater Thermostat

It is possible that you may detect two thermostats on your electric water heater when you inspect it: one at the top and one at the bottom. Each of these devices regulates the temperature of two separate heating components. If you switch on the hot water faucet and only cold water comes out, this indicates that the higher thermostat has failed. However, if the water is hot at first and subsequently gets chilly, this indicates that the lower thermostat has been destroyed. You will, however, need to understand how to test a water heaterthermostat in order to identify the defective device.

Regardless of whether you have a propane tankless water heater or any other type, the thermostat is an excellent tool for controlling the temperature.

How Does A Thermostat Work?

In most cases, an electric water heater has three primary characteristics. It is equipped with an electric heat source as well as a temperature control system and a switch to protect the device from excessive heat. A thermostat may be used to create hot water that can be used for a variety of applications. Consider that the degree of heat necessary for washing may differ from the level of heat required for bathing, for example: Furthermore, it regulates the amount of electricity that flows to another thermostat or heating element, among other things.

The primary thermostat is located on the top of the unit, which also has a high limit switch.
Both thermostats (which are installed on the same water heater) do not have the same set of capabilities.
On the same wall as the top thermostat, you will find the high limit switch.
This button can be used to reset the system to its default settings.
Alternatively, you may set the upper element to a lower temperature, letting the bottom element to operate first, so saving energy.
They do, however, have a high limit switch, similar to the bigger water heaters.

How to Test Water Heater Thermostat

It is also necessary to test the heating element on an electric water heater if you wish to put a thermostat in it. This is critical, especially given the fact that open and grounded heating components result in erroneous testing outcomes. You will need to use a screwdriver to inspect the vehicle for problems.

As part of the water heater inspection, digital multimeter equipment will be used to assess the temperature of the water heater. Let’s get started with the procedures that will show you how to test a water heater using a multimeter in the next section.

Make your way over to the thermostat terminals and check to see whether it is receiving electricity. It is possible that terminals 1 and 3 will show a reading of 240V if this is the case. However, if there is no reading, the power source should be checked. Examine the high limit switch for any signs of current as well. By turning the thermostat’s dial to the lowest position, you can disable the lower thermostat. After that, raise the temperature of the top thermostat to check for malfunctions. Connect the prongs of the multimeter to the terminal 1 and the blue wire of the heating element to test the voltage. This will assist you in determining whether or not electricity is being delivered between the upper heating element and the blue wire
If the instrument reads 240V, it indicates that power is being supplied to the setup. After that, connect the prongs of the heating element to terminal 2 and the blue wire of the heating element. However, if there are no readings, this indicates that the thermostat is malfunctioning. Reduce the temperature of the heater to a lower setting. Adjust the dial on the top thermostat to the smallest setting possible while setting the dial on the other thermostat to the highest setting possible
Return to the bottom heating element’s terminal 1 and the red wire that connects to it. Power should be detected by placing a probe on each of them. If the voltage reading is 240V, there is power in the setup
Connect the probes to terminal 2 and the red wire of the bottom heating element
And test the system. If you are not getting any readings from your thermostat, you will need to replace it.

How to Replace a Faulty Thermostat on an Electric Water Heater

Installing an electric switch to change the thermostat on an electric water heater is as simple as turning on the water heater. Knowing how to test a thermostat allows you to do the necessary repairs without having to empty the storage tank first. In order to avoid any potential mishaps, you must first cut off the power source and check the cables for voltage before proceeding with the work. You will need to adjust both thermostats on your water heater if you want really hot water. If the problem is caused by a single thermostat, it is advised that you replace the two thermostats because they are quite inexpensive to replace all at once.

If you are unable to locate a suitable replacement from the same manufacturer, try for a similar item from another manufacturer.

Deactivate the Power Supply

Switching off the circuit breaker that is attached to the water heater will turn off the electricity to the water heater. Water heater breakers are typically comprised of two distinct single-pole switches with a combined 30 amp rating. Some versions, on the other hand, have more amps. The panel that covers the thermostat and heating element of your electric water heater should be removed. It is possible that you may need to use a screwdriver on some versions since the panels are bolted together.

To avoid electrical shocks, make sure there is no current flowing through the thermostat.

Pull out the Faulty Thermostat

Take a photo of the thermostat’s connections. After you have learnt how to test a thermostat, you may use the illustration as a reference. If you are feeling creative, you may also produce a short sketch. Remove the thermostat’s screw terminals by unscrewing both of them. Then pull each wire on both of them out one at a time. After that, unclip the thermostat from its connection clips and carefully lift it out of the thermostat chamber. To avoid damaging the clips, apply only the bare minimum of force.

Set Up the New Thermostat

Insert the new thermostat into the matching clips on the wall. Check to see that it is properly resting on the surface of the storage tank. Connect the circuit wires to the matching screw terminals on both sides of the board. Tighten the screws to secure them in place. Increase or decrease the temperature setting on your thermostat according to your preferences. A flat blade screwdriver will be required in this situation. It is recommended that you set the temperature to 120 degrees Fahrenheit.

Add Final Touches

Replace the thermostat chamber panel as well as the insulation surrounding it.

By resetting the circuit breaker, you may reconnect the circuit to its power supply once more. Allow for two hours of operation from the water heater, then check the hot water tap to verify whether the water is sufficiently heated

How to Troubleshoot a Defective Thermostat on An Electric Water Heater

Troubleshooting the thermostat on your water heater may appear to be a complicated task. This tutorial will assist you in doing this task without the need to consult an expert.

To turn off the electricity to the thermostat, go to the circuit breaker and turn it off. Because it protects you from electrical shocks, this procedure is really necessary. A two-pole breaker will cause both breakers to trip at the same time if you are working with two breakers. Remove the two panels that protect the thermostat from the wall. Insulation that corresponds to the aperture is found beneath the cover. Remove the item and store it aside for later installation. The thermostat and heating element should both have a plastic panel on them. A button may be found beneath the panel. It should be pressed to confirm that it is in great working order. Keep an eye out for a “snapping” motion when you press the button. In the event that you experience any, turn on the power and allow it to run for a few minutes. Check to see whether there is no power to the unit, especially if you want to continue working on the equipment. Make use of a non-contact voltage tester to test a pair of wires towards the top of the circuit. If you don’t see any lights or hear any beeps on the meter, this indicates that there is no energy flowing through the thermostat. Even if you do not see any readings on the tester, continue to work on the machine as if there were power. Remove the plastic cover from the thermostat by gently pulling it out or unscrewing it. Avoid inserting your fingers too far inside the device in order to avoid potential mishaps. Remove the battery and connect it to a voltmeter with a minimum voltage of 240 volts on it. Place the test lead on all of the higher screws. Do not remove the lead. If you get a reading, it means that the power is switched on
Turn it off and check again later. There must be no electricity running through the device.

Wrap Up

An electric water heater, like a tankless water heater, is equipped with a thermostat. Fortunately, just a few equipment are required for testing and repairing a malfunctioning thermostat, including a multimeter and a pair of screwdrivers. To solve this dilemma, you don’t even need to have any special abilities. All you have to do is follow these simple instructions.

Turn off the electricity
Check the unit’s functionality. If there are any issues, you should remove the present thermostat and replace it with a new one. In order to avoid any shocks while working, it is recommended that you periodically check the equipment for any current.

We really hope you found this information informative. If you have any remarks, please leave them in the comment section below.

How to Test an Electric Hot Water Heater Thermostat

There are two thermostats in an electric water heater, both of which are situated beneath access panels on the side of the tank. An electric hot water heater has two thermostats, each of which controls two distinct heating elements — one in the top half of the tank and one in the bottom half of the tank. Typically, when the higher thermostat fails, you will have no hot water at all, but a failed lower thermostat will manifest itself by providing only a limited amount of hot water before the tap water becomes cold.

Tests on the thermostats are carried out using a multimeter, which is a standard electrician’s equipment.

A Phillips screwdriver, a flat-head screwdriver, and a multimeter are all necessary tools.

Warning

Always turn off the electricity to any electrical equipment before trying any repairs on it.

Step 1

Turn off the water heater circuit breaker, which is located within the central service panel.

Step 2

Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove the top and lower access panels from their frames. Electric hot water heater access panels are often located on the side of the unit and have an electrical warning placard affixed to them.

Step 3

Remove any insulation that may be covering the thermostat or the heating element by pulling it away. Keep an eye out for any wires that may be pulled while changing the insulation.

Step 4

To adjust the temperature setting on the top thermostat, use a flat-head screwdriver to turn the dial to the maximum setting. A multimeter’s scale should be set to the RX1 setting.

Step 5

To adjust the temperature setting on the top thermostat, use a flat-head screwdriver to turn the dial to the highest position. A multimeter’s scale should be set to the RX1 position.

Step 6

Turn the temperature setting on the top thermostat to the highest setting with a flat-head screwdriver. The RX1 setting on a multimeter should be selected.

Step 7

Keep the higher thermostat on its lowest setting while you test the lower thermostat on its highest setting. Set the lower thermostat to the highest setting by using a screwdriver to turn it.

Make a connection between each terminal on the bottom thermostat with one probe of the multimeter. There are just two connections on the bottom thermostat. The multimeter should show a reading of zero when this occurs.

Step 8

Reinstall the defective thermostat, and then replace the insulation that was previously placed over the thermostats and heating components. Replace the access panel covers, locking them in place with the retaining screws that were previously installed. The electric water heater will be activated after the circuit breaker has been reset.

Test Your Water Heater Thermostat In Minutes: 13 Steps

Because you’ve had a particularly long day, you’ve made the decision to take a shower before retiring to bed. When you turn on the faucet, you’ll be sprayed with ice-cold water. However, where is the hot water? This is nothing new. It will never come! Uh-oh! If this seems like a familiar scenario, you may be the victim of a malfunctioning water heater thermostat, but how can you be certain? We can determine whether or not the thermostat is the source of the problem with a few simple tools and some good old-fashioned elbow work, though.

A flathead screwdriver and a digital multimeter are the equipment you’ll need for this project.
It’s also a good idea to get your hands on the heater’s service manual if you have one.
It is possible that you will get wounded if the essential safeguards are not performed.
With that being said, let’s get started.

13 Steps to Test a Water Heater Thermostat

Turn off the electricity. Before you begin, be sure that the power has been turned off. Then double-check your work. Then double-check everything. The fact that it is switched off is highly crucial in order to avoid injury. Locate the water heater circuit breaker on the circuit board by looking at it. Depending on who built the system, it may be labeled as something different, but it should be obvious enough that you would know it was for the heater. However, if you are unsure, you should stop right here and consult with a specialist
You can get to the thermostats. When you go to your water heater, you will see two panels: one that is higher up on the unit and one that is lower down. One of the panels will be higher up on the unit and the other will be lower down. These include the thermostat and all of its parts
And Remove the covers from the access points. To remove the top and bottom access covers, use a flathead screwdriver to unscrew them. A flap with a cutout for the thermostat will be located inside
Flip the flap up to reveal the insulation underneath it. Depending on how it was cut, you may be able to flip it down as well. In any case, check to see that it isn’t interfering with anything.

Optional: Use masking tape to keep the flap out of the way. If you were successful in obtaining some tape, remove the flap.

Remove the protective plastic cover. The screwdriver will enable you remove it from the thermostat, which you should do immediately and store somewhere secure.

Optional: Check the voltage with the voltage stick to ensure that the electricity is working properly. Make a double-check to ensure that there is no electricity flowing through the water heater at all times. Placing the stick against any of the terminals and seeing whether or not the stick goes off is recommended. If it does, you’re in trouble
If it doesn’t, you’re in the clear. If it doesn’t, you’re in the clear. Repeat the procedure for both the top and lower thermostats.

Prepare your multimeter for use. Inspect the reset button on your multimeter after you have set the dial to the lowest ohms of resistance level. A reset button will be located on the top thermostat. This can be triggered when the water in the tank becomes too hot for a variety of reasons (which we’ll discuss in further detail later). To do this is referred to as “tripping the power.” Reset the reset button by pressing it all the way in if necessary. Disconnect the power cables from the wall outlet. Despite the fact that there is no power flowing through the device, you must separate the connections in order to isolate the thermostat. Take notice of the wires’ alignment in relation to one another. After that, use your screwdriver and undo the terminals and wires until they are no longer connected. Make sure you do this for both the top and bottom thermostats
Then check the higher thermostat to see whether it is still functional. There will be several mini-steps in this, so please make sure to follow through and do not skip any of them! We’ll have to check to see if the top thermostat is operational.

Connect the lead of your multimeter to the reset terminal. This should be exactly next to the reset button on the controller. It would also have been the terminal that did not have any power lines running to it
As a result, Move the second lead to the terminal on the left-hand side of the board. Keep your first lead connected to the reset terminal at all times when doing this. This will be the one that did have the power cable attached to it
This will be the one that did not. Make a note of the reading from your multimeter. The top thermostat has lost continuity and must be replaced if it displays a reading of 1. The resistance should be zero ohms or very near to zero ohms if the device is in proper functioning condition. Move the second lead to the terminal on the right-hand side of the board. Remember to maintain your first lead connected to the reset terminal at all times when doing this. Additionally, this terminal would have had a power cable connected to it. Make a note of the reading from your multimeter. It should be noted that if it reads 1, there will be no electrical continuity. If it reads zero, you’re in the clear
If it reads one, you’re in trouble.

Determination of whether or not the water temperature is lower or greater than the given setting This will also have mini-steps, so let’s get started

Connect the lead from your multimeter to the left common terminal. This can be located in the lower portion of the thermostat
However, it is not visible. Make your way to the upper heating element terminal with the second lead. While you’re doing this, be sure that your initial lead is still connected to the common terminal. Make a note of the reading from your multimeter. Alternatively, if your water temperature is lower than it should be, the first reading will be zero ohms (or very near to it), while the second reading will be one (indicating no continuity)
Relocate the second lead to the terminal of the lower heating element. Check that your first lead is still connected to the common terminal, just as you did in step 12.2. Make a note of the reading from your multimeter. If your water temperature is higher than it should be, the first reading will be 1 (no continuity), and the second reading will be 0 ohms (or very near to it)
If your water temperature is lower than it should be, the first reading will be 0 ohms (or very close to it)
Keep track of if the temperature of your water is higher or lower than it should be. If you want to check the lower thermostat, you will need something to compare it against.

Examine the lower thermostat to see if it is in good working order. This procedure will be similar to step 11, which involved inspecting the top thermostat for structural integrity. For the record, you should have double-checked to see if the power was still on and that the power connections had been unplugged before proceeding.

Place your leads on the two terminals of your multimeter using your multimeter. 0 ohms should be the measurement if your water temperature is lower than it should be
Otherwise, it should be 1. (or close to it). If the water temperature is greater than it should be, the measurement should be 1 (no continuity)
Otherwise, the value should be 2 (continuity).

So, what’s the ultimate word on the matter? Is it necessary to replace it? If the readings on the upper and lower thermostats are diametrically opposed, then the lower thermostat must be changed. More specifically, if the upper thermostat indicates that water temperature is greater than it should be, but the lower thermostat indicates that water temperature is lower than it should be (or vice versa), your lower thermostat is faulty.

And that’s the end of it! Phew! The process was lengthy, but you have now decided whether or not your water heater’s thermostat is to blame for your problem. But, before you go ahead and put everything back together, you might want to think about lowering the temperature of the water heater a little.

Adjusting Water Heater Thermostats

The temperature is typically set at 140°F (60°C) by default by most manufacturers. Anyone living in a residential situation does not require this level of care! By lowering the temperature to a lower and more realistic figure, you can save energy (and money).

How Do I Adjust the Temperature?

If you haven’t yet closed the thermostat access covers on the heater, you’ve already completed more than half of the job! If this is the case, repeat steps 1 through 6 once again before proceeding. When the covers are removed, you should be able to see a dial with a pointer that is set to the desired temperature. Simply use a flathead screwdriver to change the temperature to the desired setting for your device. We recommend that you keep the temperature between 120°F (49°C) and 140°F (60°C) throughout the event.

Please be sure to turn the breaker back on once you’re finished!

Why Does My Water Heater Keep Shutting Down?

Having changed the temperature and double-checked your thermostats to ensure that they are all in proper operating condition, what is causing the water heater to shut down so frequently? As previously indicated, the reset switch, which is integrated into the thermostats, is responsible for this behavior.

Whenever the water temperature within the tank rises to an unsafe level, the reset switch will disconnect the power to the heater and turn off the water heater. Here are a handful of possible explanations on why this may be occurring.

Having changed the temperature and double-checked your thermostats to ensure that they are all in proper operating condition, what is causing the water heater to shut down repeatedly? In fact, as previously noted, the reset switch that is integrated into the thermostats is the cause of this problem. Whenever the water temperature within the tank rises to an unsafe level, the reset switch will disconnect the power to the heater and turn off the water pump. In order to understand why this could be happening, consider the following.

Conclusion

And that’s the end of it! The problem with your water heater has hopefully been identified with the help of a few of screws and some poking around with your multimeter. Otherwise, at the very least you’ve altered the temperature so that you may save some energy (money). If you like this post, consider subscribing to our email list so that you can get a head start on all of our future publications. Not ready to make the commitment? It’s not an issue! Everyone is welcome to peruse our other articles, and who knows what they could find?

Test & Replace a Water Heater Thermostat: DIY Guide

We shall almost certainly all be confronted with the situation of a water heater that is not producing any hot water at some point in our lives. We have two options: either contact a qualified plumber or do it ourselves. Fortunately, most water heaters can be repaired reasonably quickly and inexpensively. There are two primary reasons for a water heater not working: If you’ve never checked or changed a water heater thermostat before, it might seem like a difficult process at first glance. It’s not too difficult.

When bathing or cleaning, no one enjoys using cold water.

In this post, we will look at how to diagnose your electric water heaterthermostat and how to replace it if it becomes damaged or malfunctioning.

How Electric Water Heater Thermostats Work

Testing or replacing a water heater thermostat might be a difficult process if you haven’t done it before. It isn’t too difficult to figure out. As a result, if you have someone who knows what they’re doing to guide you through the process and a few basic tools, it’s quite simple. When it comes to bathing or cleaning, no one enjoys using cold water. The water heater thermostat will need to be tested and replaced if necessary if you do not have hot water. In this post, we’ll look at how to diagnose your electric water heater thermostat and, if necessary, how to replace it.

Are Electric Water Heater Thermostats Universal?

No, not all water heater thermostats are designed to be interchangeable. It is important to note that there are certain differences in thermostats between single-element and dual-element water heaters. Additionally, with dual-element water heaters, there is a differential between the top and bottom thermostats. In order to properly select a water heater thermostat, you must first determine the number of elements and the voltage of the water heater in question. It is possible to obtain this information from the data tag located on the side of the water heater.

The voltage is inscribed on the end of the heating element, and it may be read with a magnifying glass.

There are more than 50 different household tank-style electric water heaters available on the market, and the thermostats on the majority of them are designed to be interchangeable. When making a purchase, it is important to thoroughly read the product description.

Dual-ElementThermostats

Typical household water heater thermostats are seen in this photo, which includes an upper and lower thermostat for each. Because it is located above the lower thermostat, the thermostat on the left has a high limit switch, which can be identified by the red reset button. The upper thermostat is in charge of controlling both the upper element and the lower thermostat, respectively. When you look at it from this angle, you can see the bottom thermostat, which regulates the lower element. For a replacement kit that includes two heating elements, upper and lower thermostats, and seals, we offer theRheem SP20060 Electric Water Heater Tune-Up Kit, which can be purchased on Amazon.com for about $30.

A universal upperthermostat produced by Rheem is what we’re looking at here.

It is a Rheem lower thermostat that is universal in use.

Single-Element Thermostats

The thermostat seen here is for a water heater with a single heating element. The thermostat is very similar to an upper dual-element thermostat, with the only variation being the amount of wire terminals on the thermostat. In this case, the single element thermostat has just two terminals on the right side and four on the left side, as you can see in the illustration. If you require a single-element thermostat, the Camco 07843 Single Element Water Heater Thermostat with HLC is a good option to consider purchasing.

The following is a list of the supplies you’ll require:

In addition, you’ll need a 1/4-inch nut driver or a flathead screwdriver, two Phillips screwdrivers, an analog or digital multimeter/voltmeter, and a new thermostat.

How to Test a Water Heater Thermostat for Continuity – Step-By-Step

We must examine the thermostats for continuity in order to identify whether or not the thermostat has failed. You’ll need an analog or digital multimeter for this, which you can get here. WARNING: Working with electricity is extremely hazardous and can result in death. Before dealing with wiring or electrical connections, be certain that the power is turned off. Follow these procedures to determine which thermostat is malfunctioning.

Step 1: Turn the power off

Make your go to your circuit board and locate the water heater breaker to switch off the power supply. Discover and switch off the breaker that is labeled “water heater” or “hot water” in the electrical panel box where the water heater is located.

Step 2: Remove the outside access covers

To remove the access cover from the upper and lower thermostats, use a 1/4-inch nut driver or flathead screwdriver to pry them off. Fold the insulation back over the thermostat to prevent it from being damaged. To keep the insulation out of the way, use tape to hold it in place. Remove the plastic cover that covers the thermostat on the inside of the house.

Step 3: Confirm power is off to the water heater

Remove the access cover from the upper and lower thermostats with a 1/4-inch nut driver or a flathead screwdriver.

Fold the insulation back over the thermostat to protect it from the elements. Insulation should be secured out of the way using tape before continuing. Remove the plastic cover that covers the thermostat on the interior of the house.

Step 4: Check the high limit reset button

If the manual reset switch, also known as the high limit reset button, has been tripped, it should be replaced. This button will trip on occasion if any of the following conditions are met:

There is a short circuit between the thermostat contacts
The thermostat is out of tune
The heating element has failed

Step 5: Disconnect the wiring

Take a photo with your phone or a digital camera to use as a reference if it becomes necessary to identify which cables are connected to which terminal in the future. To detach the wiring from the thermostat terminals, unscrew the terminal screws using a Phillips #2 screwdriver and pull the wiring away from the terminals.

Step 6: Check the thermostat with a multimeter

Set the resistance of the multimeter to the lowest ohms possible (typically x10). Using your fingers, squeeze the probes together and adjust the needle to zero to calibrate your meter. To check the resistance of a digital multimeter, set it to the lowest possible value of resistance (usually 200), or, if your multimeter has an option for resistance with tone, choose it. Take one of the black probes from your multimeter and insert it into the screw terminal on the left side of the instrument. Take the red probe and connect it to the other left-side terminal on the other side.

This means that the thermostat is not functioning properly and must be replaced.
For a demonstration, please see the video above.
As soon as you have finished testing your water heater thermostat, you may either reconnect the wire and close the access cover, or you can proceed to the next step, which is replacing the thermostat.
How to Test and Replace a Faulty Water Heating Element is a step-by-step guide that explains how to accomplish this in further detail.

How to Replace a Faulty Water Heater Thermostat – Step-By-Step

Once you’ve discovered which thermostat is faulty, it’s time to begin the process of removing and replacing it. Insider’s Tip: As previously said, it is typically a good idea to change both thermostats and heating components on a yearly or biannual basis. The reason for this is that if one of the heating components is beginning to fail, it has the potential to short out the replacement thermostat shortly after it has been placed, causing it to fail. Some of the stages will be repeated in this section.

For those who have not yet tested their thermostats, we will first go through the preparatory processes.

Step 1: Turn the power off

Make your way to the circuit breaker box and look for the switch labeled ‘Water Heater’ or anything along those lines.

It should be turned off, making sure to turn off both switches if it is a 220v switch. If you’re not sure which water heater is causing the problem because of outdated stickers or labels, get a professional to turn them off for you.

Step 2: Remove the outside access covers

Remove the cover panel that corresponds to the thermostat that has to be replaced and set the cover panel aside. The coverings for water heater tanks are often located on the side of the tank. Ensure that you do not loose any of the little screws by using the 1/4-inch nut driver or a flathead screwdriver for this section. Remove the insulation from the thermostat as well as the plastic protective cover that covers it.

Step 3: Confirm power is off to the water heater

Each wire should be tested with your multimeter/voltmeter. This may be accomplished by grounding one of the lines and checking each terminal one at a time until the problem is resolved. Even if you have shut off the power at the circuit breaker, you should always double-check your work using one of these meters to ensure that you have not electrocuted yourself. Connect the top and legs of the multimeter at the same time, using the multimeter connectors. The meter should read 0 at this point. Touch each leg of the water heater while the black connector is in contact with it to ensure there is no electricity.

Step 4: Disconnect the wiring

Take a photo with your phone or a digital camera to use as a reference if it becomes necessary to identify which cables are connected to which terminal in the future. Disconnect the wiring from each terminal on the thermostat with a Phillips screwdriver #2. Remove the thermostat from the wall.

Step 5: Remove the defective thermostat

Gently remove the old thermostat by pulling outward on the clips and raising the thermostat up and out of the retaining bracket with your finger or a flathead screwdriver. Caution should be exercised to avoid breaking the retainer bracket. It is possible that breaking this retaining clip will result in the need to replace your water heater.

Step 6: Insert the new thermostat

Inserting the new thermostat into the retaining bracket that holds the old thermostat in place will allow you to precisely position the new thermostat. Reconnect the wires to the relevant terminals by twisting them together. If necessary, you can refer to the photograph you took previously for guidance. Check to see that each wire is securely linked to the next. Check to see that the thermostat is securely attached to the water heater, otherwise the thermostat may not operate correctly. After that, adjust the thermostat to the temperature you like for the water.

These modifications may be accomplished with the use of a flathead screwdriver.

The following is an insider’s tip: If you intend to replace your heating element with your new thermostat, you will need to empty the water heater first.

Check out our post on how to empty your water heater, as well as additional water heater care advice.

Step 7: Reattach the cover panels

Now that you’ve completed the replacement, it’s time to seal everything up and double-check your work for mistakes.

Remove the plastic protective cover and insulation and replace them with new ones. Reattach the outside access panels if they have been removed.

Step 8: Turn the power back on

Following the completion of the installation, return to the electrical box and re-energize the circuit breaker (if necessary). Hot water recovery will take around one hour to complete, but you should be able to use hot water within 15 minutes after turning on the faucet. Over the next several days, make sure to check on the water heater on a regular basis.

Water Heater Thermostat FAQs

Electric water heater thermostats are typically pre-set by the manufacturer to 110 or 120 degrees Fahrenheit, depending on the model. You have the option of increasing the temperature to the maximum setting, which is typically 150 degrees Fahrenheit, if necessary (65 degrees Celsius). The maximum water temperature setting should be no greater than 120 degrees Fahrenheit (48 degrees Celsius), since a higher setting might provide a scorching threat to small children and the elderly.

Should water heater thermostats be set to the same temperature?

In fact, the top and lower thermostats should both be set at the same temperature. The dip tube is responsible for delivering cold water to the bottom of the tank. Having consistent settings across the tank helps to keep the temperature consistent throughout the tank.

What would cause a water heater thermostat to burn up?

A malfunctioning heating element, a power surge, or just the passage of time can cause a water heater thermostat to burn up. When internal components of water heater thermostats wear out, they become faulty and fail. Even with regular electric currents, an older thermostat may experience failure. If the manual reset switch on your water heater thermostat does not work, the thermostat will need to be repaired or replaced. Replacement of both thermostats and heating elements should be done at the same time because if one of the heating elements is beginning to fail, it may cause the new thermostat to short out shortly after it is installed, which is not recommended.

Final Thoughts

Simply said, that’s the whole story! Water heaters aren’t too difficult to maintain, and replacing a thermostat can be completed in a matter of minutes if you know what you’re doing and have the right tools. The most important thing to remember while working with electrical equipment is to avoid taking shortcuts. Although it is possible to change your water heater thermostat in a short period of time utilizing the correct skills and tools, doing so is not recommended. DISCLAIMER: The information provided on HomeInspectionInsider.com is not intended to be professional guidance.

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Hot Water Heater Thermostat Testing

You can find detailed instructions for testing a hot water heater thermostat in the section below. Although this article is dedicated to dual element water heaters, single element water heater thermostats are examined in the same manner.

How to test a thermostat

The tests that follow will be carried out with the electricity turned on. You will require a multimeter, as well as knowledge on how to use it securely. If you want, you can test water heater thermostats with the power turned off. Go to the water heater thermostat and test it. Allowing someone to distract you while you are testing is not recommended. Make sure that no one comes close to the water heater until you’re through working on it. Please take the time to read the complete instructions before beginning.

Duel element residential water heater

At no point do both components heat at the same time. In the beginning, there is a tank of cold water. The higher element is responsible for heating the water in the tank’s top half. When the higher thermostat is satisfied, the upper element will be turned off and the bottom element will be turned on again to begin heating. It is not possible to do the following test if the water temperature is excessively high. This indicates that you may be dealing with a grounded element. If you want to learn more about grounded elements, check our water heater element testing.

You should first inspect the components before attempting to test the water heater thermostat.

Test hot water heater thermostat (upper)

Turn off the electricity to the water heater. Remove all of the access panels, insulation, and plastic safety coverings from the building. Check to see whether the resetbutton has been tripped by accident. The temperature of the higher (top) thermostat should be set to the highest setting with a tiny screwdriver (see pic). Bottom the thermostat temperature to its lowest setting on the lower thermostat. Turn on the water heater’s power supply by pressing the power button. In order to ensure that there is voltage going into the water heater, check the two wires above the resetbutton (see pic).

When the elements on this water heater are operating, the voltage should be 240 volts.

It is necessary to replace the thermostat if you do not have electricity at the heating or cooling element.

Test water heater thermostat (lower)

Reduce the temperature of the top thermostat to its lowest setting. As you flip the thermostat dial, you should hear the thermostat turn off. If you don’t hear it, wait a few minutes for the water to warm up before continuing. Set the lower thermostat temperature to the maximum setting and check the voltage of the lower element on the lower element. If you have electricity at the element, you may let the water to warm up a little bit longer. Reduce the temperature setting on the thermostat. You should be able to hear it turn off.

If you don’t have any power at the element, proceed to the next stage in the process.

One multimeter probe should be placed on the top contact screw, and the second probe should be placed on the water tank (see pic).

If you are unable to obtain a reading, the top thermostat should be replaced.

If you have authority, go to the next step. One meter probe should be placed on the bottom contact screw, and another should be placed on the water tank. If you don’t have 120 volts, you need replace the thermostat on the bottom level.

Other pages you might be interested in.

A step-by-step instruction for changing an electric water heater thermostat is available online. Checking and replacing the gas valve/thermostat on a water heater is covered in this video. Water heater temperature – How to monitor and regulate the temperature of a water heater’s thermostat. Thank you for taking the time to look into hot water heater thermostat. Water heater thermostats: water heater home, water heater thermostats, hot water heater thermostats

How to Test, Troubleshoot & Repair an Electric Water Heater Thermostat: DIY Guide

Every year in the United States, around 1.5 million water heaters are replaced. That’s a significant amount of money. However, not all water heater issues are severe enough to warrant the purchase of a new heater. Some electric water heater thermostat problems might be resolved by doing a DIY repair at home. And that is exactly what this tutorial is all about. Let’s have a look at how to test and repair an electric water heaterthermostat now, shall we? Before we go any further, what exactly is the purpose of an electric water heater thermostat, and how does it function?

What Is The Purpose of an Electric Water Heater Thermostat?

The United States replaces around 1.5 million water heaters every year. The amount of money is staggering. However, not all water heater issues are severe enough to warrant the purchase of a new water heater unit. Some electric water heater thermostat problems might be resolved by doing a DIY repair in your house. Herein is the core of this guide’s content: The next step is to learn about testing and repairing athermostat for a water heater powered by electricity. Before we get into that, let’s talk about what an electric water heater thermostat is and how it works.

How Does An Electric Water Heater Thermostat Work?

Electric water heaters are classified into two categories:

In addition to the single element water heater, there is also a twin element water heater.

The single element type is comprised of a single element thermostat as well as a single element heating element. Tanks are often lower in size since only a single thermostat is required to regulate the temperature. Two thermostats and two heating elements are found in the dual element water heater, on the other hand. The majority of water heaters are dual-element water heaters, which is what we’ll be focusing on throughout the remainder of this article. A single element heater, on the other hand, may be checked and changed in the same manner.

The thermostats for electric water heaters generate heat in the tank by enabling energy to flow into the elements of the water heater.
The top thermostat, which is also the principal thermostat, regulates the heating element in the top part of the unit, as well as having a high limit switch.
Keep in mind that the high limit switch, which is placed in the same region as the higher thermostat, includes a reset button that activates when the water temperature becomes too warm (over 170F).
A 240-volt power supply is used to heat the water, which is subsequently heated by the higher heating element.
The problem is that only the water in the upper part of the tub becomes heated, while the water in the lower half is either chilly or lukewarm at best.

As the bottom heating element gets 240 V, it warms the water in the bottom region to the temperature that has been specified before the process is completed and turned off. The water in the tank is now completely heated throughout.

Problems with Electric Water Heaters

Sometimes, when your heating elements or water heater thermostats fail, you will notice a difference in the performance of your device. If the upper element or thermostat in your water heater breaks, the water heater may be unable to provide hot water. And whether it’s the bottom element or the thermostat that’s defective, you’ll find that you’re running out of hot water quite soon as well. These, on the other hand, might be a result of the cold weather or pipes that are not properly insulated.

However, it is possible that this is due to the thermostat being set too high or the changing of the seasons.

Other issues might arise as a result of improper tank maintenance or excessive water pressure at home.

How to Test an Electric Hot Water Heater Thermostat and Fix it: Step by Step Guide

We’re going to test both the thermostats and the heating components in our unit to be certain that we’re not dealing with a false alarm. It’s important to note that if your elements are open and grounded, the algorithm may produce a misleading result, which is why we’re also evaluating them. It is necessary to have a Flathead and Philips screwdriver, as well as a digital multimeter, in order to carry out the test described in this section. Let’s get this party started.

Step 1: Turn the power source off

Locate the water heater breaker panel on your circuit breaker panel and switch off the water heater or the hot water supply.

Step 2: Remove the outer access panels

With a flathead screwdriver or 1/4-inch nut driver, pry up the top and lower thermostat access panels on the unit’s left and right sides.

Step 3: Remove the insulation

You have two options for removing the insulation: either entirely remove it or fold it over the thermostat. As well as removing the plastic safety barrier that was covering the thermostat and heating element, Also, use tape to hold the insulator in place as you work on this step, and be careful not to yank the wiring out as you work.

Step 4: Check the high limit switch button

Check to see whether the red high limit reset button has been triggered by accident. If it has, you should push it. The red switch button may trip on occasion if the heating components fail, if the connections on the thermostat have fused closed, or if the thermostat is not calibrated properly.

Step 5: Disconnect the wires

Using your Philips screwdriver, disconnect the wires that are entering each terminal on your computer.

Step 6: Turn the temperature setting to the highest

Make sure that the temperature on the top thermostat is set to its maximum level, and that the scale on your multimeter is set to RX1.

Step 7: Check the thermostat and heating element with a multimeter

Set the resistance of your analog or digital meter to the lowest possible value, which should be 200 ohms. You should hear a click sound at this point. Then attach the black probe to the screw terminal on the left side of the screw terminal. In addition, connect the second red probe to the other terminal, which is still on the left side of the board.

Then, using your reading, check to see if the thermostat is still operational. As long as the meter shows zero or a reading that is very near to zero, your thermostat is in proper operating order. However, if the reading is very broad, you may have a faulty thermostat. Credits:

Step 8: Repeat the process for the right side

Place an ohm meter or an analog meter at the lowest possible resistance, which should be 200 ohms. An audible click sound should be heard. Afterwards, connect the black probe to the screw terminal on the left side. Add another red probe to another terminal that’s still on the left-hand side of the workstation. Then, using your reading, check to see if the thermostat is still operational. In this case, your thermostat is operating properly if the meter displays a reading of zero or a value extremely near to it.

Credits:

Step 9: Take the meter reading on the lower thermostat

After confirming that the upper thermostat is in proper operating order, repeat the process to ensure that the lower thermostat is in proper working order. Take note that there are only two connections on the bottom thermostat, which is a little number. Check to ensure that the reading is zero before continuing. Assuming that the thermostats are in good working order, you may check the heating components to make sure they are working properly. However, if one or more of the thermostats needs to be replaced, continue reading.

How to Replace A Faulty Thermostat on an Electric Water Heater

It is rather simple to replace a malfunctioning thermostat. Furthermore, purchasing a new one is inexpensive. As a result, even if the problem is with a single thermostat, we’re going to replace both of the thermostats. Prior to doing so, you’ll need to make sure that all of your thermostats are from the same brand. If you are unable to obtain this product, another one from a reputable brand would suffice. You’ll need a few tools.

It is quite simple to repair or replace a malfunctioning thermostat. Aside from that, purchasing a new one is rather inexpensive. As a result, even if the problem is with a single thermostat, we’re going to replace both of them. It’s necessary to purchase your thermostats from the same manufacturer, though, before you can accomplish that. You can substitute another product from a reputable brand if you cannot obtain the first option. You’ll need a few tools for this.

Now it’s time to get started.

Step 1: Turn off the power supply to the heater

You don’t want to be working with the electricity turned on. So go to the circuit breaker panel and turn off the electricity to the water heater that is currently attached to it.

Step 2: Remove the outer access panel and insulation

Electric water heaters feature access panels on the outside that protect the thermostat and heating components. Remove the insulating pad and plastic covering by unscrewing the nut, taking care not to contact the wires in the process.

Step 3: Take out the Thermostat

Take a photo of the wiring before you remove the malfunctioning old thermostat so that you can remember which wire goes into which terminal while you’re attaching the new thermostat. Alternatively, you can label the wire. Using your multimeter, you should also check to see if it is turned off. Then, using a Philips screwdriver, remove the screw terminals and separate the wire from the terminals. After that, you may peel the thermostat away from its attachment clamps and bracket. However, proceed with caution so as not to harm the clips.

Step 4: Install the new thermostat

Photograph the wiring before you remove the defective old thermostat so you can remember which wire goes into which terminal when it comes time to attach the new thermostat. You may also mark the wire if you want to do so. Using your multimeter, you may also check to see whether it is turned off.

Then, using a Philips screwdriver, loosen the screw terminals and unplug the wiring from the terminal block. After that, you may pull the thermostat away from the attachment clamps and bracket. Take care not to damage the clips by bending them.

Step 5: Set the temperature of your new thermostat

When you’re certain that the wires are correctly connected and you’re through setting up your thermostat, use your flathead screwdriver to adjust the temperature to the ideal setting for you. The optimal temperature is 120 degrees Fahrenheit.

Step 6: Replace every other thing you took out

Having completed your setup, it is now time to reinstall your insulators as well as the chamber access panel. After that, reconnect the power supply by turning on the water heater breaker on the circuit breaker panel to the water heater.

Step 7: Cycle test your electric water heater

If you want to test if your water heater heated your water sufficiently, you may turn on the hot water faucet for two hours and observe if the heater did a good job. Troubleshooting Other Water Heater Issues and How to Resolve Them Leaks of water: The majority of the time, faulty valves and plumbing connections are to blame for water leaks in the home. However, corrosion in the water heater tank or loose components in the water heater tank might be the source of the problem. If your tank has rusted beyond repair, you will have no choice except to replace it.

Noises coming from the tank: If your tank is making noises such as rumbling, popping, or high-pitched sounds, it might be due to boiling water.
Things’s a simple matter of putting it back together.
If it does not function, the tank should be replaced.
It’s also possible that the corrosion is occurring in your pipes.
If the water flowing through your home smells like rotten eggs, it’s possible that bacteria has accumulated in your hot water tank over time.
You, on the other hand, cannot achieve this on your own.

Wrapping up

If you want to test if your water heater heated your water sufficiently, you may turn on the hot water faucet for two hours and observe if the heater did an excellent job. Problems with other types of water heaters, as well as how to resolve them Leaks of drinking water – The majority of the time, faulty valves and plumbing connections are the source of water leaks in the home. However, tank rust or loose parts in the water heater tank might be the source of the problem. A rusted tank will have to be replaced since it cannot be fixed.

Noises coming from the tank: If your tank is making noises such as rumbling, popping, or high-pitched sounds, it may be due to boiling water.

It is rather simple to correct.

Replacing the tank should solve the problem.

Furthermore, corrosion in your pipes might indicate this.

If the water flowing through your home smells like rotten eggs, it’s probable that bacteria has accumulated in your hot water tank as well.

It may be necessary to replace the anode rod in order to correct the problem. Nonetheless, you are unable to do the task alone. In addition, hire the services of a professional plumber if necessary.